What are two functions of probation mentioned in the text?

The correct choice emphasizes two essential functions of probation: investigation and supervision.

Investigation involves the process of gathering background information about the offender, which typically includes assessing their criminal history, personal circumstances, and any other factors that may impact their rehabilitation. This phase is critical as it informs the court and probation officers about the most appropriate interventions and conditions that should be placed upon the offender.

Supervision is the ongoing monitoring of the offender's behavior while they are on probation. This function ensures that probationers comply with the conditions set by the court, such as attending counseling programs, maintaining employment, or regular check-ins with their probation officer. Supervision helps to prevent further criminal activity by providing accountability and support throughout the probation period.

This dual function of investigation and supervision demonstrates how probation serves to manage offenders in the community while also facilitating their rehabilitation and reducing recidivism.